来源：广东省导游人员考评委员会《广东省2026年全国导游资格考试现场必读（英语）》。本文完整转载官方原文，如与官方文本有出入，以广东省导游人员考评委员会当年公告为准。
11. Why did Sun Yat-sen quit his illusions about the Qing government and decided to overthrow it?
China’s defeats by foreign invaders and the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government intensified his patriotic indignation. He decided that the Qing court was rotten to the core and must be overthrown and replaced by a democratic republic.
11. 孙中山为什么放弃对清朝政府的幻想,并决定推翻它?
中国被外国侵略者打败和清政府的腐败无能加剧了他的爱国的愤慨。他决定,清廷是坏透了,必须推翻,取而代之的是一个民主共和国。
12. When and where did Sun Yat-sen found China's first political party?
In 1905, Sun Yat-sen went to Japan, where he founded China’s first political party called “China Revolutionary League” (the Tong Meng Hui), which later developed into the Nationalist Party (the Guomintang).
孙中山于何时,何地建立了中国第一个政党?
在1905年,孙中山到日本,在那里他创立了中国第一个政党称为“中国革命联盟”(同盟会),后来发展成为国民党。
13. What do you know about the great architect who designed Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall?
The magnificent Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall was designed by a young Chinese architect, by the name of Lu Yanzhi, who was born in Tianjin, graduated from the Qinghua University in Beijing and later studied architecture in the Cornell University in the USA. He died of lung cancer in 1929, at the age of 36, before the construction of the hall was completed.
13. 请你简要介绍中山纪念堂的设计师。
中山纪念堂由中国近代杰出的建筑师吕彦直先生设计。吕彦直出生在天津，北京清华大学毕业，后赴美国康奈尔大学学习建筑，1929年在纪念堂落成之前因患肺癌病逝，时年仅36岁。
14. What are the features of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in terms of appearance and technique?
The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall is an octagonal palace-like reinforced concrete structure, 58 meters high with a floor space of 12 thousand square meters. It looks like a traditional Chinese palace in appearance but was constructed with modern architectural technique.
14.中山纪念堂的外观和技术有什么特色?
中山纪念堂是一座八角形的宫殿式钢筋混凝土建筑；在外形上具有中国传统建筑艺术风格，在结构上则采用了当时最新的建筑技术。纪念堂的主体建筑高58米，建筑面积1.2万平方米。
15. What modern architectural techniques were used in constructing Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall?
Thanks to the ingenious designing of the architect, the acoustics of the hall are excellent and there is no pillar to obstruct spectators’ view because the eight pillars sustaining the four long-spanned steel trusses supporting the huge domed roof are hidden in the walls.
15. 请问设计师采用了哪些现代建筑技术来建造中山纪念堂?
由于设计师的巧妙设计,大厅的音响效果非常好,没有柱子遮挡观众的视线,因为支撑着扛起巨大圆顶屋顶的4个大跨度的大型钢桁架的八根大柱子都巧妙地隐藏在墙内。
Please tell us about the owner of Nanyue King’s tomb.
The tomb owner, Zhao Mo by name, who styled himself “Emperor Wen” and was the second king of the Nanyue Kingdom, being on the throne for 16 years in 137-122BC.
16. 请介绍一下南越王墓的墓主。
墓主赵眜是南越国第二代王，汉武帝建元四年继位，称文帝，在位16年（公元前137—122年）。
17. Where did the archaeologists excavate the ruins of the Nanyue King palace?
The archaeologists have excavated on trial 500 square meters of the ruins of the Nanyue King palace in the original site of Guangzhou’s Children’s Park.
17. 考古工作者在哪里发掘了南越国宫殿遗址?
考古工作者在广州原儿童公园东边试掘出约500平方米的南越国宫殿遗址。
18. Which is the only extant emperor’s seal left over from the Qin and Han dynasties?
The gold seal of Emperor Wen unearthed from the Nanyue King’s tomb is the only extant emperor’s seal left over from the Qin and Han dynasties.
18. 哪个金印是我国考古发掘出土的第一枚帝印？
南越王墓出土的“文帝行玺”金印是我国考古发掘出土的现存唯一的秦汉皇帝印章。
19. Of the weapons unearthed from the Nanyue King tomb, what kind of background can we know about the copper dagger-axe engraved with an inscription?
Of the weapons unearthed from the Nanyue King tomb, one copper dagger-axe is engraved with an inscription “王四年相邦张义”,from which we can know that this dagger-axe was made under the supervision of Zhang Yi during the reign of King Hui in the Qin and brought to the South.
19. 南越王墓出土的兵器中，我们了解到刻有铭文的铜戈什么背景?
南越王墓出土的兵器中，其中一把铜戈上刻有“王四年相邦张义”的字样，说明此戈是秦惠王时由张仪监造、从秦带入南越的。
20. In the Nanyue King’s tomb, how many persons were found buried alive with the dead? Who was in the front chamber? Who was in the outer coffin?
In the Nanyue King’s tomb, fifteen persons were found buried alive with the dead: one in the front chamber, who was perhaps a eunuch; and one in the outer coffin, probably a cart-driver
20. 在南越王墓中，有多少具殉人?在前室的是谁?在外藏椁中的是谁?
南越王墓中共发现15具殉人。前室一具，身份是“景巷令”；另一具在外藏椁中，可能是车夫。
21. What are the functions of the Chen Family Temple?
Chen Family Temple is used as a place of their clannish activities on special occasions as well as a shrine for offering sacrifices to their common ancestors. Otherwise, it is called Chen Clan Academy, for it was also a school for children of the Chen families.
21. 陈家祠有那些功能？
陈家祠用以供奉他们的共同祖先，并作为他们在喜庆或其他场合进行宗族活动的地方。 陈家祠又名陈氏书院，又是陈氏子弟读书求学的学堂。
22. Why is Chen Family Temple known as “the Pearl of Lingnan Artistic Architecture”?
Chen Family Temple is Known as “the Pearl of Lingnan Artistic architecture”, because the temple structure itself is a comprehensive expression of the exquisite Guangdong folk arts and crafts. Hence, in 1959, it was converted into the Guangdong Folk Art Museum.
22. 为什么陈家祠被誉为“岭南艺术建筑明珠”？
在建筑装饰艺术上，陈家祠集广东民间工艺之大成，被誉为“岭南艺术建筑 明珠”，故1959年辟为广东民间艺术博物馆。
23. Please explain the stone drums at the main entrance of Chen Family Temple.
The stone drums at the main entrance are a symbol of social status of the Chen family. In the feudal society of the Qing Dynasty, people could place a pair of drums in front of their house only when someone in their family had been conferred an academic degree of (or higher than) “jinshi’, a title given to the successful candidates in the imperial examination.
23. 请介绍一下陈家祠正门外两侧的石鼓。
正门外两侧的石鼓为门第的象征。在封建旧中国，只有当某家族中有人在科举中取得进士以上的名次时才能在其宅第前安放大鼓。
24. Please explain “the Advent of Good Fortune” of Chen Family Temple.
This is an inverted Chinese character for “happiness” or “good fortune” － It is on the reverse side of the wood-carving and so is placed the other way round. The Chinese word for “inversion” and the word for “advent” are homophones of each other, so an inverted character for “good fortune” implies “the advent of good fortune” or “the coming of happiness”.
24. 请解释一下陈家祠的“福到” 图（背面的“福”字）。
这也是一个“福”字，一个左右倒置的“福”字。中文里“倒”与“到”同音，故倒置的“福”字表示“福到”。
25. Please explain Sacrificial Offerings to Ancestors of Chen Family Temple. (the choicest fruits in Lingnan Area)
At the tops of the balusters are carved several kinds of fruit that abound in South China: peach, star-fruit, papaya, lychee and so on. They are symbolic offerings to the Chen family’s ancestors.
请解释一下陈家祠 “岭南佳果” 供品。
平台的栏杆柱顶端分别雕有各种岭南佳果，如蟠桃、洋桃、木瓜、荔枝等。这是陈氏族人向他们的祖先供奉的象征性的供品。
本稿说明（本站整理，非官方内容）
外语类的景点讲解提问共 25 题，本篇是第 11 至 25 题。这批问答同时是讲解与口译的共同素材，建议先照着中文答一遍，再脱稿用英语答一遍。